Dec 11, · Inferno Summary. The first part of The Divine Comedy begins with Dante lost in a forest. He is confused and does not know how he got there: “When I had journeyed half of our life’s way, I found myself within a shadowed forest, for I had lost the path that does not stray.” (Canto 2) Dante is the protagonist and main character of all three parts of the poem Pope John XXIII was the last pope to use full papal ceremony, some of which was abolished after Vatican II, while the rest fell into disuse. His papal coronation ran for the traditional five hours (Pope Paul VI, by contrast, opted for a shorter ceremony, while later popes declined to be crowned) The Common Man figures prominently both in the plot of the play and also as a narrator and commentator. Although treated in more detail in other sections, in the following plot summary, his presence is indicated only when he interacts directly with the other characters in
Summary of The Divine Comedy: Inferno, Purgatorio, Paradiso | EssayPro
Pope John XXIII Latin : Ioannes ; Italian : Giovanni ; [a] born Angelo Giuseppe RoncalliItalian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli] ; 25 November — 3 June was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 28 October until his death in Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was one of thirteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. In a consistory on 12 January Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice.
Roncalli was unexpectedly elected pope on 28 October at age 76 after 11 ballots. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council —the first session opening on 11 October John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate. His views on equality were summed up in his statement, "We were pope essay on man summary made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike, pope essay on man summary.
In Italian politics, he prohibited bishops from interfering with local elections, and he helped the Christian Democratic Party to cooperate with the socialists. In international affairs, pope essay on man summary, his "Ostpolitik" engaged in dialogue with the communist countries of Eastern Europe. He especially reached out to the Eastern Orthodox churches. His overall goal was to modernize the Church by emphasizing its pastoral roleand its necessary involvement with affairs of state.
He dropped the traditional rule of 70 cardinals, increasing the size to He used the opportunity to name the first cardinals from Africa, Japan, and the Philippines. He promoted ecumenical movements in cooperation with other Christian faiths. In doctrinal matters, he was a traditionalist, but he ended the practice of automatically formulating social and political policies on the basis of old theological propositions.
He did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. His cause for canonization was opened on 18 November by his successor, Pope Paul VIwho declared him a Servant of God. On 5 JulyPope Francis — bypassing the traditionally required second miracle — declared John XXIII a saint, based on his virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council.
He was canonised alongside Pope John Paul II on 27 April Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was born on 25 November in Sotto il Montea small country village in the Bergamo province of the Lombardy region of Italy.
His siblings were:. His family worked as sharecroppersas did most of the people of Sotto il Monte — a striking contrast to that of his predecessor, Eugenio Pacelli Pope Pius XIIwho came from an ancient aristocratic family long connected to the papacy. Roncalli was nonetheless a descendant of an Italian noble family, albeit from a secondary and impoverished branch; [17] " he derived from no mean origins but from worthy and respected folk who can be traced right back to the beginning of the fifteenth century", pope essay on man summary.
The Roncallis maintained a vineyard and cornfields, and kept cattle. InRoncalli received both his First Communion and Confirmation at the age of 8. On 1 MarchLuigi Isacchi, the spiritual director of his seminary, enrolled him into the Secular Franciscan Order. He professed his vows as a member of that order on 23 May InRoncalli completed his doctorate in canon law [21] and was ordained a priest in the Catholic Church of Santa Maria in Monte Santo in Piazza del Popolo in Rome on 10 August.
Shortly after that, while still in Rome, Roncalli was taken to Saint Peter's Basilica to meet Pope Pius X. After this, he would return to his town to celebrate Mass for the Assumption. InGiacomo Radini-Tedeschithe new Bishop of Bergamoappointed Roncalli as his secretary.
Roncalli worked for Radini-Tedeschi until the bishop's death on 22 Augusttwo days after the death of Pope Pius X. Radini-Tedeschi's last words to Roncalli were "Angelo, pray for peace". The death of Radini-Tedeschi had a deep effect on Roncalli. During World War IRoncalli was drafted into the Royal Italian Army as a sergeantpope essay on man summary in the medical corps as a stretcher-bearer and as a chaplain.
After being discharged from the army in earlyhe was named spiritual director of the seminary. On 6 NovemberRoncalli travelled to Rome where he was scheduled to meet the Pope. After their meeting, Pope Benedict XV appointed him as the Italian president of the Society for the Propagation of the Faith. Roncalli would recall Benedict XV as being the most sympathetic of the popes he had met.
In Februarythe Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI 's decision to appoint him the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria — On 3 March, pope essay on man summary, Pius XI also appointed him titular archbishop of Areopolis[26] Jordan.
His nomination as apostolic visitor was made official on 19 March. On 30 Novemberhe was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and titular archbishop of MesembriaBulgaria. In Octoberhe led Bulgarian pilgrims to Rome and introduced them to Pope Pius XI on 14 October. In Februaryhe received news from his sisters that his mother was dying, pope essay on man summary. On 10 FebruaryPope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff.
Unfortunately, she died on 20 Februaryduring the nine days of mourning for the late Pius XI. He was sent a letter by Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, and Roncalli later recalled that it was probably the last letter Pacelli sent until his election as Pope Pius XII on 2 March Roncalli expressed happiness that Pacelli was elected, and, on radio, pope essay on man summary, listened to the coronation of the new pontiff.
Roncalli remained in Bulgaria at the time that World War II commenced, optimistically writing in his journal in April"I don't believe we will have a war". At the time that the war did in fact commence, he was in Rome, meeting with Pope Pius XII on 5 September InRoncalli was asked by the Vatican to devote more of his time to Greece; therefore, he made several visits there in January and May of that year. As nuncio, Roncalli made various efforts during the Holocaust in World War II to save refugees, mostly Jewish people, from the Nazis.
Among his efforts were:, pope essay on man summary. Inthe Catholic Herald newspaper quoted Pope John XXIII as saying:. We are conscious today that many, many centuries of blindness have cloaked our eyes so that we can no longer see the beauty of Thy chosen people nor recognise in their faces the features of our privileged brethren.
We realize that the mark of Cain stands upon our foreheads. Across the centuries our brother Abel has lain in blood which we drew, or shed tears we caused by forgetting Thy love. Forgive us for the curse we falsely attached to their name as Jews. Forgive us for crucifying Thee a second time in their flesh.
For we know not what we did. On 7 Septemberthe International Raoul Pope essay on man summary Foundation launched the Pope essay on man summary Campaign for the Acknowledgement of the humanitarian actions undertaken by Vatican Nuncio Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli for people, most of whom were Jewish, persecuted by the Nazi regime.
The launching took place at the Permanent Observation Mission of the Vatican to the United Nations, in the presence of Vatican State Secretary Cardinal Angelo Sodano. The International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation has carried out exhaustive historical research related to different events connected with interventions of Nuncio Roncalli in favour of Jewish refugees during the Holocaust.
As of September three reports have been published compiling different studies and materials of historical research about the humanitarian actions carried out by Roncalli when he was nuncio. Inthe International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation submitted a massive file the Roncalli Dossier to Yad Vashem, with a strong petition and recommendation to bestow upon him the title of Righteous among the Nations.
After he played an active role in gaining Catholic Church support for the establishment of the State pope essay on man summary Israel. His support for Zionism [45] and the establishment of Israel was the result of his cultural and religious openness toward other faiths pope essay on man summary cultures, and especially concern with the fate of Jews after the war.
He was one of the Vatican's most sympathetic diplomats toward Jewish immigration to Palestine, which he saw as a humanitarian issue, and not a matter of Biblical theology. On 22 Decemberduring Pope essay on man summary War IIpope essay on man summary, Pope Pius XII named him to be the new Apostolic Nuncio to recently liberated France. Roncalli was chosen among several other candidates, one of whom was Archbishop Joseph Fietta.
Roncalli met with Domenico Tardini to discuss his new appointment, and their conversation suggested that Tardini did not approve of it, pope essay on man summary. One curial prelate referred to Roncalli as an "old fogey" while speaking with a journalist. Roncalli left Ankara on 27 December on a series of short-haul flights that took him to several places, such as BeirutCairo and Naples.
He ventured to Rome on 28 December and met with both Tardini and his friend Giovanni Battista Montini. He left for France the next day to commence his newest role. Roncalli received a message from Mgr. Montini on 14 November asking him if he would want to become the new Patriarch of Venice in light of the nearing death of Carlo Agostini.
Furthermore, Montini said to him via letter on 29 November that Pius XII had decided to raise him to the cardinalate. Roncalli knew that he would be appointed to lead the patriarchy of Venice due to the death of Agostini, who pope essay on man summary to have been raised to the rank of cardinal. On 12 Januarypope essay on man summary, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice and raised to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca by Pope Pius XII.
Roncalli left France for Venice on 23 February stopping briefly in Milan and then to Rome. On 15 Marchhe took possession of his new diocese in Venice, pope essay on man summary. As a sign of his esteem, the President of FranceVincent Auriolclaimed the ancient privilege possessed by French monarchs and bestowed the red biretta on Roncalli at a ceremony in the Élysée Palace.
It was around this time that he, with the aid of Monsignor Bruno Heimformed his coat of arms with a lion of Saint Mark on a white ground. Auriol also awarded Roncalli three months later with the award of Commander of the Legion of Honour.
Roncalli decided to live on the second floor of the residence reserved for the patriarch, choosing not to live in the first floor room pope essay on man summary resided in by Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, who later became Pope Pius X.
On 29 Maythe late Pius X was canonized and Roncalli ensured that the late pontiff's patriarchal room was remodelled into a the year of the pope essay on man summary saint's papal election look in his honor. With Pius X's few surviving relatives, Roncalli celebrated a Mass in his honor.
His sister Ancilla would soon be diagnosed with stomach cancer in the early s. Roncalli's last letter to her was dated on 8 November where he promised to visit her within the next week. He could not keep that promise, as Ancilla died on 11 November at the time when he was consecrating a new church in Venice.
He attended her funeral back in his hometown. In his will around this time, he mentioned that he wished to be buried in the crypt of Saint Mark's in Venice with some of his predecessors rather than with the family in Sotto il Monte.
Following the death of Pope Pius XII on 9 OctoberRoncalli watched the live funeral on his last full day in Venice on 11 October.
His journal was specifically concerned with the funeral and the abused state of the late pontiff's corpse. Roncalli left Venice for the conclave in Rome well aware that pope essay on man summary was papabilepope essay on man summary, [b] and after eleven ballots, was elected to succeed the late Pius XII, so it came as no surprise to him, pope essay on man summary, though he had arrived at the Vatican with a return train ticket to Venice.
Many had considered Giovanni Battista Montinithe Archbishop of Milana possible candidate, pope essay on man summary, but, although he was the archbishop of one of the most ancient and prominent sees in Italy, he had not yet been made a cardinal.
Pope, Essay on Man, Epistle 1
, time: 20:04Pope’s Poems and Prose An Essay on Man: Epistle I Summary and Analysis | GradeSaver
At our cheap essay writing service, you can be sure to get credible academic aid for a reasonable price, as the name of our website suggests. For years, we have been providing online custom writing assistance to students from countries all over the world, including the US, the UK, Australia, Canada, Italy, New Zealand, China, and Japan On the way, the three men meet an old man who explains that he must wander the earth until he can find someone willing to exchange youth for old age. He says that not even Death will take his life. Hearing him speak of Death, the revelers ask where they can find Death, and the old man directs them to Writing during the pontificate of Pope Pius X and prior to the First World War, Monsignor Benson accurately predicted interstate highways, weapons of mass destruction, the use of aircraft to drop bombs on both military and civilian targets, and passenger air travel in advanced Zeppelins called "Volors". Writing in , Fr. Martindale compared Mgr. Benson's ideas for future technology with
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